40 years ago, the German architect Walter Gropius died

Boston - At the age of 86, the world-renowned German architect, urban planner, and architecture theorist Walter Gropius passed away on July 5, 1969. He was one of the most significant innovators in 20th-century architecture and a leading figure of functionalism, born on May 18, 1883, in Berlin. He died in the United States, where he had lived since the second half of the 1930s.
    The fundamental principles of his buildings were objectivity and functionality, adherence to strict geometric forms, and rejection of any ornamental division of the structure. In 1919, he initiated the establishment of the Bauhaus art and design school and served as its first director. The Bauhaus aimed to unite the visual arts and crafts under the guidance of architecture and soon became the center of the visual avant-garde in interwar Europe. In 1928, due to fatigue from demanding organizational work and constant attacks on his person, Gropius resigned from his leadership position, left the school, and worked as an independent architect.
    After the Nazis came to power, he emigrated to England in 1934 and three years later accepted a professorship at Harvard University in the United States. There, he modernized and reorganized traditional teaching and also contributed to the spread of functionalism into conservative America. Some of the most significant works of this renowned architect include the Bauhaus building in Dessau, the Fagus Factory in Alfeld near Hanover, the Törten settlement near Dessau, the school in Impington, and the PanAm building in New York. His extensive artistic work also includes designs for utilitarian objects - chairs, lamps, textiles, and ceramics.